Basic research is the origin of theories and knowledges of all science and technology (S&T), and the source of science, technology, industry and social development.The strength of a country's basic research ability determines its S&T level and its international competitiveness.The U.K., Germany, France, the United States, Japan and other scientific and technological powers all pay much attention to basic science research.China has achieved great S&T achievements and many S&T indicators rank top in the world.However, China's basic science contribution to the human knowledge system is still rare, and there are few leading technologies.In the process of building a world-leading scientific and technology power, the primary task of China is to strengthen basic research.On the basis of expounding the significance of basic science research, relevant beneficial experiences, and China's favorable conditions and timing, this paper puts forward the following suggestions to strengthen basic science research in China.It is necessary to formulate a long-term and stable policy system to support basic science research and development, to determine long-term and stable basic research funding, to support the construction of basic science research excellence innovation institutions at the state level, to achieve leading and breakthrough in key areas, to promote R&D cooperation between basic research institutions and application-oriented research institutions, to construct reasonable assessment and evaluation methods in accordance with basic science innovation rules, to create an open cooperation model with the world's first-class centers of excellence.In the process of building a powerful country in science and technology in the next 30 years, China should actively lay out basic science research work in relevant fields to meet the needs of certain national goals, improve the self-confidence of original innovation, bravely challenge the cutting-edge scientific issues, actively propose original theories and discoveries, keep up with the new directions of world science and technology development, and gain initiative in the new round of global science and technology competition.