[Objective] To study the ecological benefits of reducing weight and reducing drugs in rice duck farming mode .[ Method] The randomized block arrangement were set up 3 treatments:rice duck planting, without duck rice (CK1), rice by conventional method (CK2), the control effects of different treatments on rice sheath blight and rice field weeds were studied, and the effects on rice yield characters and economic benefits were also studied.[Result]Rice duck planting treatment has a significant effect on prevention and control of rice sheath blight, the incidence of cluster were 22.1％ and 38.2％ respectively at tillering stage and heading stage;rice duck farming treatment had better control effect on weeds in rice field, and the dry weight of weeds was 4.5 g/m2 after 50 d; the theoretical yield of rice duck farming was 8379.5 kg/hm2 , which was significantly higher than that of CK1; the overall profit of rice duck farming model was higher than that of CK1 and CK2.[Conclusion]Rice duck farming can promote the vigorous growth of rice, reduce the input of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and protect the ecological environment, which is worth promoting.